Rhetorical Modes/ Patterns of Development

We learned about the classical mode of writing an argument. In the classical mode, the information is arranged in a specific order.

When analyzing rhetoric, in particular in the multiple choice section, you may be asked to analyze the organization or Arrangement of a text. Sometimes authors arrange according to purpose. These patterns of development may organize an entire text or specific paragraphs.

Here are some rhetorical modes/ patterns of development you may be asked about in multiple choice section of AP exam:

1.Narration The purpose is to explain information about your topic as a series of events in story format.

2.Description The purpose is to create a picture in words (vivid, specific details) to help the reader visualize something a writer has seen, heard or done

3.Process Analysis The purpose is to explain a process by giving directions or information about how to do something or how something is done.

4.Exemplification/illustration- The purpose is to discuss  topic by using examples to clarify points

5.Comparison and Contrast The purpose is to show how two or more areas of your topic are similar (compare) or different (contrast) or both.

6.Classification and Division The purpose is to break topic into groups of categories and explain

7.Definition: The purpose is to define a word or concept about your topic using synonyms, essential definition or extended definitions

8.Cause and Effect The purpose is to explain what caused (cause) something to happen (effect) in specific topic